What vitamins are best to take during pregnancy? Vitamins for pregnant women: which ones are better. Vitamins that are given to pregnant women free of charge

Vitamins are biologically active compounds that have a diverse structure. They are coenzymes of biochemical reactions occurring in the body. During pregnancy, the need for vitamins increases due to the growth and development of the fetus and increased stress on many systems of the mother. But whether it is necessary to take vitamins during pregnancy remains controversial to this day.

Beneficial features

Research shows that most women become pregnant due to a deficiency of many vitamins and microelements. This deficiency has to be replenished during gestation. At this time, the need for group B, C, and folic acid increases significantly. At the same time, the need for microelements increases.

The shortage may not be felt, but it will affect the developing child. It has been proven that a lack of folic acid early stages leads to the development of neural tube defects. Therefore, even before conception, doctors recommend including vitamin complexes containing folic acid, as well as tocopherol, in the preconception plan. It improves egg maturation and promotes fertilization.

The expectant mother must prepare the body for pregnancy and create reserves of biologically active substances. This will improve the functioning of various enzyme systems and metabolism. The level of hemoglobin is associated with a sufficient amount of vitamins B₆ and B₁₂. With a deficiency, aplastic anemia develops, which will complicate the course of pregnancy.

1st trimester

Doctors recommend taking vitamins during the trimesters of pregnancy. The 1st trimester is associated with the formation of all organs and the beginning of the formation of the nervous system. The continued viability of the fetus and the preservation of pregnancy depend on how correctly this process proceeds.

It must be remembered that the development of the embryo does not depend solely on the content of vitamins in the diet, and in the presence of genetic abnormalities or chromosomal rearrangements, the situation cannot be corrected by increasing the active substances in the diet.

Vitamins are prescribed by the gynecologist depending on the trimester and individual characteristics, taking into account risk factors. The main drugs in the initial period are:

• folic acid – B₉;
• tocopherol acetate – E;
• retinol – A;

Is it necessary to take vitamins in the 1st trimester of pregnancy if a woman eats well? The need for them during pregnancy increases several times, so it is impossible to cover it with food alone.

Folic acid

Contained in any vegetables with a natural green color when ripe, as well as leafy greens (parsley, spinach, dill). It has even been found in animal products, which is why folate is now said to be ubiquitous. But its peculiarity is its tendency to decay quickly. If lettuce or cabbage is just picked from the garden, then we can talk about good saturation with useful substances. But in vegetables that are stored in the refrigerator or at room temperature, the breakdown of folates accelerates; after just a few hours, their content is reduced by half. When heated to 60 degrees, after a few minutes only traces of folic acid remain.

Folacin is necessary for the division of all cells of the body, both in the expectant mother and in the developing fetus. It is involved in the process of DNA replication (doubling), which occurs during cell division. Red bone marrow, as the most actively dividing structure, suffers most from a lack of folate. For a woman, this is manifested by the development of megaloblastic anemia.

But a state of severe deficiency and severe consequences of B₉ deficiency are rarely observed. Normal intestinal microflora is involved in the synthesis of this substance, as well as several others. With dysbiosis, when the content of beneficial bacteria in the intestines is disrupted, the amount of folate in the body may decrease, which, together with insufficient intake from food, will lead to the development of anemia. It cannot be cured with iron supplements alone.

The dose of folic acid for those planning a pregnancy is 400-800 mcg. But doctors recommend sticking to the maximum dosage: this will saturate the body before conception. If conception is successful, the dosage is not reduced. Those who have not had children with neural tube pathology or spontaneous early miscarriages in previous pregnancies are allowed to take 800-1000 mcg per day. For women with a history of the listed pathologies, the dose is increased several times.

You can read more about why you need to take folic acid when planning a pregnancy, as well as about prescribed medications and options for taking them.

Pregnant women with diagnosed epilepsy who must take anticonvulsants should take an increased dose of folate. Carbamazepine and valproic acid significantly reduce the amount of B₉ in the body.

Folic acid is safe. It is water-soluble, and if there is excess in the body, it is easily excreted by the kidneys. No signs of overdose were reported.

Tocopherol

The second most important substance for pregnant women is tocopherol (E). This is a fat-soluble compound whose name translates as “progeny-bearing.” Its function in the body is:

• protecting cell membranes from the damaging effects of oxygen;
• preservation of vitamins A and C in unoxidized form;
• inclusion of selenium in coenzymes;
• immune protection;
• reducing the need of cells for oxygen and protection from hypoxia;
• protein synthesis and tissue regeneration;
• stimulation of hormone production.

Tocopherol deficiency affects appearance and the condition of the skin, nails and hair. They become dull, lifeless, hair splits, and nails break easily. Therefore, if you have dry skin, it is necessary to additionally include tocopherol in your diet.

During the gestational period, additional amounts of tocopherol are needed. It has the following effect:

• improves hormonal levels;
• promotes egg maturation;
• reduces risk;
• increases the chance of conception;
• eliminates symptoms;
• promotes the formation of the placenta;
• reduces risk.

The dosage of vitamin E in capsules is 100-200 mg per day. It is recommended that two spouses start taking it at the planning stage, 2 months before conception. The woman continues to take tocopherol after confirmation of pregnancy for 2-3 months.

Tocopherol (vitamin E) is the second most important vitamin (after folic acid) for pregnant women.

Tocopherol acetate is a fat-soluble substance. Therefore, there is a danger of its accumulation. But the toxic effect appears when the daily norm is exceeded by 10-20 times. There may be a cumulative effect if the dosage is exceeded for a long time. Then the medicine is discontinued and Vikasol is prescribed to reduce the risk of bleeding.

Retinol

Vitamin A (retinol) is involved in many metabolic processes:

• enzyme synthesis;
• muscle tissue formation;
• synthesis of sex hormones;
• maintaining immunity due to the metabolism of interferons, lysozyme, immunoglobulin A;
• activation of receptors for calcitriol (vitamin D₃);
• production of retinal rhodopsin for twilight vision.

Experiments have shown that the most complete exclusion of retinol from the diet of animals of both sexes leads to the development of infertility. It is also needed for the normal development of the unborn child. But the need for vitamin A in women before and during pregnancy is not much different. In the 1st trimester, a sufficient amount comes from food. Large doses of retinoids are toxic to the fetus and can cause the development of heart defects and nervous system defects. Only in the second half of gestation and lactation does the need increase.

2nd trimester

After the formation of all organs of the fetus and placenta, the need for active substances changes. The 2nd trimester is a time of active child growth and skeletal development. Therefore, the need for calcium and substances involved in its metabolism increases.

After 20 weeks, it is recommended to take additional retinol. It is responsible for activating calciferol receptors, so a lack of the first will affect its action. Doctors prescribe 1-2 tablets of retinol, which corresponds to 3300-6600 IU.

Lack of vitamin D during pregnancy is manifested by impaired absorption of calcium. If this microelement is not supplied through food, the body begins to remove it from its own structures in order to provide for the growing fetus. Therefore, a pregnant woman may experience:

• aching bones;
• joint pain;
• muscle cramps.

Calcium deficiency will also affect after pregnancy. For some, even during the gestation period, their teeth begin to actively deteriorate and crumble, and caries appears. Hair and nails also suffer from calcium deficiency.

It should be remembered that calcium is a component of the blood coagulation system; without it, complete clot formation is impossible. Therefore, a deficiency can lead to increased bleeding, which is especially dangerous during gestation.

A child with intrauterine D₃ deficiency may be predisposed to the development of rickets.

But not all pregnant women have obvious signs of calciferol deficiency. They are successfully synthesized in the skin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. In some cases, this process may be disrupted:

• among dark-skinned people who lived for a long time in equatorial zones, but now live in temperate climates;
• with a strict vegetarian diet;
• in those who rarely see the sun or from regions located beyond the Arctic Circle.

Rules for taking vitamin D for pregnant women - 400-600 IU, or 10-15 mcg, is enough to cover the daily requirement.

3rd trimester

By the end of gestation, an increased need for A, E, D remains. Ascorbic acid is also recommended in the 3rd trimester. It is part of a complex of antioxidants that protect cells from the action of various endogenous oxidants. Vitamin C has the following effects:

• strengthens the walls of blood vessels, reduces their fragility;
• reduces bleeding;
• strengthens the immune system;
• promotes iron absorption.

For pregnant women who have to bear a child during a seasonal increase in the incidence of respiratory infections, it would not be amiss to include ascorbic acid in the diet. It is not possible to completely cover the body's expenses with food. Ascorbic acid, like folates, does not withstand exposure to air and heat; it begins to disintegrate at temperatures above 60 degrees, and after boiling it is completely absent.

Iron deficiency anemia may be caused by a violation of the supply of ferrum to the body. Its absorption is accelerated by simultaneous intake of ascorbic acid and inhibited by the presence of calcium. Therefore, in some complex vitamin preparations, these substances are combined depending on competition for absorption.

For pregnant women, regardless of trimester, vitamin B₁₂ (cyanocobolamine) is important. It is beneficial for the body with the following properties:

• participation in the synthesis of DNA and RNA cells;
• fatty acid metabolism;
• protein synthesis;
• red blood cell formation;
• melatonin synthesis and regulation of sleep cycles;
• maintaining the health of the reproductive system.

In pregnant women, a lack of cyanocobalamin leads to the development of diarrhea, which cannot be treated with iron supplements, sleep problems, nervousness, and memory impairment. The need increases in the following cases:

• vegetarian diet;
• diabetes;
• alcohol consumption;
• age expectant mother over 45 years old.

The requirement during gestation and breastfeeding is the same and is 3.5 mg per day.

Vitamin B₆ is also often prescribed to pregnant women, but in combination with magnesium. These substances enhance each other's effects. They begin to be used in the 2-3 trimester to prevent pathology of the placenta, and also if there is a threat, magnesium in combination with B₆ reduces the tone of the uterus and helps prolong gestation.

Ways to fill the deficit

The doctor decides which vitamins are best to take during pregnancy, focusing on the individual characteristics of the woman. If the expectant mother has no complications, she has been identified with minimal or no risk in the development of fetal pathologies, then prophylactic doses of drugs are necessary. In case of detection of abnormalities, severe condition of the fetus, risk of premature birth and various diseases, increased doses of drugs may be required.

The regimen for taking vitamins during pregnancy may change. It should be remembered that you cannot combine B₆ and B₁₂, they enhance the allergenic effect of each other and can lead to the appearance of urticaria. A, E, C are complementary and have an antioxidant effect. Therefore, they are often used as a single drug.

Nutrition

Most doctors insist on the need for vitamin complexes, despite a balanced diet. The explanation for this is as follows:

1. The amount of nutrients in food cannot cover the daily needs of even a non-pregnant woman. Not only the content of active substances matters, but also their absorption, which may be limited due to metabolic characteristics or certain diseases.
2. In winter, the amount of useful components in vegetables and fruits is at a minimum level: folates and ascorbic acid have already oxidized by this time.
3. Processing products before consumption leads to a significant loss of their beneficial properties.

There are also conditions that reduce the intake of nutrients from food or speed up their metabolism:

• gastritis;
• duodenitis;
• diabetes;
• acute or chronic infections;
• liver pathologies;
• colitis.

The use of vitamin complexes does not replace proper nutrition. Food contains essential peptides, fatty acids, carbohydrates, without which life and development are impossible, as well as ballast substances necessary for normal digestion.

Medications

With the help of pharmaceutical preparations, you can achieve the required concentration of vitamins in the diet and cover the daily requirement. Some doubt the necessity and effectiveness of synthetic drugs, but data from various studies indicate that without them it is impossible to provide a pregnant woman with the necessary substances.

There are many different brands available in pharmacies, some of which are designed for the feeding period. They differ from each other in composition and dosage.

Elevit

One of the popular complexes for pregnant women is Elevit. Its feature is a sufficient amount of folic acid: a woman does not need to take it as a separate drug. Elevit will also be useful in case of premature birth; it contains an increased amount of magnesium. Useful property is also a high iron content, which is equivalent to a preventive dosage. But the complex does not contain iodine, which is necessary for the formation of the nervous system and thyroid gland of the fetus. Therefore, those to whom the doctor prescribed Elevit will have to take additional iodine from 22 weeks.

Alphabet

Separately, we can highlight the Alphabet vitamins. Their peculiarity is the division of active substances into different doses. For example, iron is supported by the action of ascorbic acid, magnesium - B₆, calcium - D₃, B₆ and B₁₂ are not taken in one tablet, which reduces the risk of developing allergies. The convenience is that if you are intolerant to a certain substance in the tablet, you can refuse to take it. But taking “Alphabet” is recommended for practically healthy women, without pregnancy complications or obstetric-gynecological history. The dosages in it are at the minimum for pregnant women.

Vitrum Prenatal Forte

The drug contains all the necessary microelements and vitamins, iodine is no exception. Its content is close to the daily requirement and no additional intake is required. The amount of folic acid is optimal for early gestation, and retinol is contained in a dose that is non-toxic to the fetus. The dosage of tocopherol has been increased. This combination of useful substances allows us to recommend this drug as a preconception preparation.

Pregnavite

The complex contains all the necessary substances in sufficient quantities, but the microelements contain only calcium and a small amount of iron. On the one hand, this can be considered a disadvantage, but on the other hand, if it is necessary to introduce iron into the diet, add iodine, magnesium, dosage adjustment will not be required taking into account the medications taken.

Materna

Contains a complete list of necessary substances, a sufficient amount of iodine. This drug should only be used after consulting a doctor. It contains increased content of retinol, tocopherol, and ascorbic acid. This is an antioxidant complex that will be useful for women with various chronic diseases. But at the same time, the risk of an allergic reaction increases.

Pregnancy vitamins are now prescribed to all women expecting a baby. Which brand of vitamins should you choose and what effect can they have? Let's talk about this in more detail. Expecting a baby is an exciting and very pleasant period in a woman’s life. And, of course, I want the expectant mother and the baby in her tummy to feel great.

The body of a pregnant woman is a real factory that works tirelessly around the clock during the entire period of waiting for the baby to be born. And, of course, this mechanism often needs outside support. Support in the form of vitamins that help a woman’s body do its job more easily and stay in shape.

In addition, vitamins for pregnant women are not only support for the future, starting with the mother, but also a foundation for the future, for the postpartum period, because many vitamins have a cumulative effect and beneficial substances remain in the body for a long time.

Of course, the correct vitamins prescribed by the doctor observing the pregnancy also support the growth and development of the baby in the womb. Growing from a small cell into a person is a fantastically complex matter, requiring the ideal and coordinated work of all systems involved in it. Including the timely supply of substances necessary for growth and development at different stages.

As a rule, upon arriving at antenatal clinic To register, the expectant mother receives the first recommendation: adherence to a diet that includes a large amount of vitamins and minerals. Of course, you can collect the entire necessary set of useful and necessary substances by strictly observing this regimen. Find natural products, check the composition of all ingredients in food, and so on.

Nowadays, this is quite difficult to do: environmental problems, various chemical food additives, dyes, flavor enhancers, GMOs included in products require complex calculations that allow you to buy and prepare exactly those products that will provide the necessary composition of vitamins and minerals for mother and mother. They make the task more difficult for the baby.

Additionally, nutrient requirements vary from trimester to trimester. In our country, many expectant mothers continue to work until the last months of pregnancy, and they simply do not have time to find the right products and prepare them.

And the option of simply eating more is not an option at all, because this is a direct path to excess weight, which is fraught with complications during pregnancy. It is for these reasons that obstetricians-gynecologists in the vast majority of cases prescribe special vitamins to pregnant women.

In addition, you simply need to supplement with vitamins if you have or have previously had diseases associated with a lack of vitamins and minerals. For example, this is anemia. It is necessary to take vitamins if previous pregnancies ended in miscarriage or abnormalities in the development of the child.

It is strictly not recommended for pregnant women to take vitamins without consulting a doctor! There may be contraindications!

Why may taking vitamins be contraindicated and how to determine this?

Of course, all vitamins that are sold in pharmacies are synthetic substances similar to natural ones. Therefore, if you have the opportunity to completely immerse yourself in the pregnancy process, scrupulously calculate and verify the composition and quantity of foods consumed, take care of your body and the baby growing inside, giving him all the best, healthy and correct, then taking vitamins is not necessary for you and it can be cancelled.

Regular consultations with a doctor, checking blood tests and monitoring the baby’s development will show that with a properly balanced diet, everything goes according to plan, even without vitamins.

By the way, it is very important to correlate the prescription and intake of vitamins with the time of year during which pregnancy develops. For example, if the beginning of your pregnancy occurs in the summer and autumn periods, then ensuring that your body receives natural vitamins is much easier than in winter and spring.

But there are also cases when taking vitamins is contraindicated. First of all, these are allergic reactions or intolerance to certain substances that are part of the vitamin complex. In this case, it is better to get nutrients not from tablets, but from food. Here you will have to worry about finding the right, necessary and safe ones.

The need to take vitamins should also be discussed with your doctor in cases where your diet in everyday life has special features, for example, if you are a vegetarian or have diabetes.

Vitamins "Elevit Pronatal" are a combination of minerals and vitamins that are necessary to replenish the female body's need for nutrients and prevent vitamin deficiency at the stage of pregnancy planning, during pregnancy, after childbirth and during breastfeeding.

Vitamins for pregnant women "Elevit Pronatal" contain 12 important elements:

• Vitamin A
• Vitamin B1
• Vitamin B2
• Vitamin B6
• Vitamin B12
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D3
• Vitamin E
• Vitamin B9
• Biotin
• Nicotinomide.

In addition to these substances, Elevit Pronatal contains calcium, zinc and phosphorus.

"Elevit Pronatal" is taken one tablet once a day, 15 minutes after a meal, with a sufficient amount of water.

The course of treatment or prevention depends on the condition of the pregnant woman’s body and is prescribed strictly individually by the doctor.
Taking Elevit Pronatal is usually well tolerated. In exceptional cases, gastrointestinal disorders (constipation) occur. Allergic reactions to any of the components of the drug are also possible.

Taking Elevit Pronatal is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to any component of the drug. In the presence of hypervitaminosis of vitamin A and/or vitamin D, impaired liver and kidney function. The drug is also contraindicated if calcium or iron utilization is impaired.

The manufacturer claims that preventive use of “Alphabet Mom’s Health” 2-3 months before pregnancy helps prepare the body for its onset. Particularly important substances are included in the complex in increased quantities. These vitamins are recommended by the Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists for use throughout the entire period of pregnancy and lactation.

Contains 13 vitamins, 11 minerals and taurine, namely:

• Tablet number 1 (orange):
  Vitamins C, B1, beta-carotene, folic acid, iron, copper, taurine
• Tablet number 2 (yellow):
  nicotinamide, vitamins E, B6, B2, C, beta-carotene, minerals magnesium, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, molybdenum
• Tablet number 3 (cream):
  calcium panthetonate, folic acid, vitamins B12, D3, K1, biotin, minerals calcium, phosphorus, chromium.

Directions for use: pregnant and lactating women take one tablet of each type (No. 1, No. 2, No. 3) per day with meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner, in any order).

Note: the interval between doses is 4 to 6 hours. If the recommended dosing schedule has been violated, it is permissible to resume taking any tablet.

Contraindications: individual intolerance to individual components, hyperfunction of the thyroid gland.

“Pregnavit” are opaque, oblong-shaped, red capsules containing a beige pasty mass. Manufacturer: RATIOPHARM.

This is the only drug that, according to manufacturers, has no known side effects.

One capsule contains:

• Retinol palmitate (Vit. A) 3000 IU
• Cholecalciferol (vit. D3) 200 ME
• α-tocopherol acetate (Vit.E) 0.01 g
• Thiamine mononitrate (vit. B1) 1.50 mg
• Riboflavin (Vit.B2) 2.50 mg
• Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vit. B6) 5.00 mg
• Cyanocobalamin (Vit. B12) 5 mcg
• Nicotinamide 15.00 mg
• Ascorbic acid (Vit. C) 75.00 mg
• Calcium pantothenate 10.00 mg
• Calcium lactate 6.51 mg
• Folic acid 0.75 mg
• Ferrous fumarate 30.00 mg
• Dicalcium phosphate anhydrous 250.00 mg

"Pregnavit" is a combined multivitamin preparation containing minerals. The composition is designed to maximally compensate for the deficiency of these compounds in the body, in particular, when the need for them increases during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as well as during convalescence after long-term and/or severe diseases, including infectious ones.

Multi-tabs Prenatal are yellow, oval, film-coated tablets. Manufacturer: Ferrosan A/S, Denmark.

The vitamin-mineral complex includes the following substances: tocopherol, retinol, pantothenic acid, thiamine, cholecalciferol, riboflavin, pyridoxine, nicotinamide, cyanocobalamin, folic acid, ascorbic acid, calcium, chromium, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, selenium, manganese , iodine.

The composition also includes excipients: sucrose, gelatin, starch, sodium aluminosilicate, triglycerides, butylated hydroxytoluene, hypromellose, corn starch, maltodextrin, citric acid, sodium citrate, water.

It should be taken orally, without chewing, with a small amount of liquid. Dose – 1 tablet/day during or after meals.

Updated: 12/05/2019

A properly selected complex of vitamins for pregnant women is the key to good health, full development of the baby and a successful birth. Unfortunately, the composition of food products today leaves much to be desired.

And even if the expectant mother monitors her diet, includes fresh vegetables and fruits, fermented milk products and grains in the menu, it will still be difficult to get enough for two - and now there are two of you - the amount of necessary substances.

You cannot do without additional supplementation with good vitamins for pregnant women. But which ones are better to take, what do doctors recommend in the first trimester, and what vitamins to take during late pregnancy? The range of such supplements in pharmacies is extensive, so it’s worth understanding their features and differences, studying the ratings and choosing the best option.

A lack of vitamins, as well as their excess, leads to various health complications in the mother and developmental pathologies in the fetus. Therefore, it is important to know exactly when, to whom and what vitamins to take - then the supplements will benefit both the expectant mother and the baby, and will not harm.

Vitamins to take in the first trimester of pregnancy

Which prenatal vitamins to choose depends directly on your gestational age. At different stages of bearing a child, the needs of the female body for certain substances are not the same. The 1st trimester is extremely important; during this period, the baby’s main organs are formed, the embryo’s spine and nerve cells are formed.

In order for this process to go smoothly, gynecologists and obstetricians recommend starting to take multivitamins even before conceiving a child - of course, if the pregnancy is planned. But immediately after conception, as soon as it is confirmed, it is not too late to start taking multivitamins for pregnant women.

pros

• They contain folic acid, also known as vitamin B9, and should be supplied in a volume of at least 0.4 mg per day. It is advisable to start taking it several months before the expected conception and continue taking it throughout the 1st trimester. Folic acid protects against miscarriages in the first weeks and the remaining pregnancy, participates in the formation of the placenta, is responsible for the transmission of correct genetic information, prevents the development of iron deficiency anemia, stimulates intensive cell division and plays a leading role in the formation of the fetal neural tube. The dosage and duration of taking B9 is determined by the doctor depending on the condition of the pregnant woman and the fetus.
• The presence of vitamin E, also known as tocopheron, is necessary for the successful creation of the placenta and the prevention of miscarriage in the first weeks after conception. It is also better to start taking it even before fertilization, as it affects the production of sex hormones and promotes successful conception.
• The presence of vitamin A. It is drunk in the first and last trimester; in the second, these vitamins are not needed additionally for pregnant women, provided there are no pathologies. The maximum daily dose of this substance is 2500 IU. If the dosage is exceeded, the baby may develop heart defects while still in the womb. But vitamin A deficiency also leads to problems with vision, bones, and the nervous system. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor the use of this substance.

Minuses

• Some vitamin complexes are quite expensive.
• With long-term use, certain elements can be addictive.
• Not all women believe that they need to take any supplements at all during pregnancy.
• Not all complexes can be taken throughout pregnancy.

Even with a balanced and nutritious diet, a pregnant woman receives only half of the daily dose of necessary substances from foods - but even this amount is not completely absorbed. Therefore, in the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to additionally take such multivitamins for pregnant women.

Rating of vitamin preparations for the first trimester

Vitamin and mineral complex for those planning pregnancy, pregnant and lactating women.

• Designed specifically for Russian women, taking into account their nutritional characteristics, water quality, climate and lifestyle.
• High content of folic acid (1 mg).
• Increased content of calcium (250 mg) and zinc (25 mg).
• Unique composition of microelements: iodine, selenium, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, copper.
• Without vitamin A in the composition, to reduce the risk of hypervitaminosis
• European quality of components and safe composition
• For planning pregnancy, all stages of pregnancy and breastfeeding

• There are contraindications
• Not sold in all regions yet

Tocopherocaps

This is pure vitamin E without any additives, it is indicated for a lack of this substance, as well as for multiple pregnancies. You can continue to take it while breastfeeding your baby.

The drug is available and is included in the list of free vitamins for Russian women expecting a child.

• Available in different forms– capsules, chewable lozenges, solution for injection.
• Well tolerated by pregnant women, lactating women and newborns.
• Effectively solves problems with vitamin E deficiency.

• May cause allergic reactions.
• As a mono-drug it does not compensate for the deficiency of other elements.

An affordable, domestically produced drug without any additives, it contains only vitamin B9. A few tablets a day will be enough to completely replenish the pregnant woman’s need for this element, which is necessary for the production of essential amino acids, purines, enzymes, as well as nerve cells, from which the spinal cord and brain of the fetus will then be formed.

• Low price - from 40 rubles for 60 capsules.
• Prevents the development of anemia.
• Reduces the manifestations of toxicosis.
• Helps get rid of the remnants of contraceptives in the body.

• Often provokes allergic reactions - itching, skin rash, swelling.
• With prolonged use in large dosages, addiction to the drug develops, that is, its effectiveness decreases.

These vitamins during pregnancy prevent deficiency of essential elements, in particular iodine, phosphorus and iron. They contain nine vitamins, including B9, tocopherol and ascorbic acid.

• One tablet covers the daily dose of essential substances.
• Folic acid is presented in the form of metafolin, a substance that is successfully absorbed in the digestive tract even in those patients who suffer from malabsorption.

• High cost - from 450 rubles for 30 capsules.
• It is effective only in the first trimester, so you should select other vitamin supplements; your doctor will tell you which is best.

According to most women and doctors, these are the best vitamins during pregnancy. One capsule contains 10 main vitamins and 3 microelements, which completely covers the daily dose of essential elements.

At the same time, the price is quite reasonable - from 350 rubles for 30 tablets.

• Versatility - can be taken before conception, from the first days of pregnancy until childbirth.
• An optimally balanced complex that does not cause unwanted side effects.
• Efficiency – you don’t have to worry about the development of vitamin deficiency and anemia.

• If a severe deficiency of a particular element occurs, other supplements may be necessary.

Not the cheapest product - a bottle containing 100 capsules will cost at least 1,350 rubles. But the costs are completely worth it.

There is everything a woman and baby needs here, from the first days of pregnancy to childbirth, and even during breastfeeding. Vitamin deficiency, anemia, pathologies and defects in the baby and metabolic disorders in the mother - all this will not bother you if you regularly take Elevit according to the instructions.

• Does not contain iodine.
• High price.
• It is not recommended for urolithiasis and excess calcium salts in urine, as it contains high concentrations of calcium and phosphorus.

Vitamin preparations for the second trimester

The most necessary microelements now are iodine, calcium and iron. Iodine, in the absence of dysfunction of the thyroid gland, will require at least 250 mg per day - this is necessary for the mental development of the unborn child and the proper formation of the skeleton.

Calcium for the formation of bones and the formation of organs of the endocrine system will require 1500 mg per day, but no more. Excess of this trace element will accumulate in the placenta and urine, and this is not a very good symptom. Iron needs from 30 to 60 mg, and if a woman suffered from anemia before conceiving a child, then up to 100 mg per day.

Iron deficiency leads to insufficient oxygen supply along with blood to the placenta, which means intrauterine fetal hypoxia. The tone of the uterus may increase.

In the second trimester of pregnancy, if a woman does not receive the necessary microelements in the required amount, the child will still take as much as he needs from the mother’s body reserves. But the pregnant woman herself will suffer from metabolic disorders and vitamin deficiencies.

This can lead to significant weight gain, late toxicosis, pathologies of the kidneys, liver and pancreas. Therefore, it is better to take vitamin complexes.

pros

• Provide the body of the mother and unborn child with iodine, calcium and iron.
• Prevention of fetal hypoxia.
• Promotes normal mental development of the child and the formation of the skeleton.
• Absolutely safe.
• There is a large selection of drugs for every taste.

Minuses

• Often such vitamins need to be taken over time, and this is not very convenient.
• There is a possibility of allergic reactions.
• Some vitamin complexes are too expensive, but they don’t last long.

Remember that coffee and soda interfere with the good absorption of calcium and iron supplements, so vitamin supplements should be taken only with clean water or weak herbal tea.

Rating of vitamins for the second trimester

American broad-spectrum vitamins for the well-being of pregnant and lactating women.

• Provides the optimal amount of iodine.
• Improves mood, relieves irritability.
• Maintain good condition of nails, hair, skin.

• Does not contain calcium.
• It's quite expensive.
• May cause allergies.

A gift to all expectant mothers from the Russian manufacturer Argo. These multivitamins are distinguished by their rich composition, affordable price and good tolerance.

• The tablets have a pleasant size and taste.
• To ensure that the components are better absorbed, “morning” and “evening” tablets are provided.
• Individual complexes contain iodine, iron or calcium.

• You have to take up to 6 tablets a day.
• The package lasts for 14 days.
• High price.

American-made multivitamins, designed specifically to cover the needs of pregnant women for all necessary micro-, macroelements and vitamins.

• Contains iodine.
• Provides all necessary elements.
• Can be taken throughout pregnancy.

• You need to take four tablets a day to get the desired effect.
• The capsules are large and difficult to swallow.
• High price.

An effective multivitamin complex for women expecting a child, developed by pharmacists in Canada and Germany. Can be taken from the day of conception, especially useful in the second and third trimesters.

• Competent and balanced composition.
• Presence of iodine.

• High price.
• May cause an allergic reaction, like any multicomponent product.

A very popular and affordable vitamin complex for pregnant women from a domestic manufacturer. Contains iodine and other important trace elements that completely solve all problems with a deficiency of any of them.

• The capsules are colored in different colors depending on the composition. That is, a woman herself can choose what she should take, focusing on the characteristics of her body.
• If you are allergic to any component, you can easily exclude it by simply sorting the tablets of the desired color.
• Affordable price for a large package - it is enough for the entire pregnancy.

• You should take three different capsules a day at intervals of 3-4 hours - this is inconvenient for forgetful women.
• The capsules are quite large and may be difficult to swallow.

Vitamins to take during the third trimester of pregnancy

Only a doctor can determine which vitamins are best to take during this period. The fruit is already fully formed, and now continues to improve and grow. Many women in the third trimester refuse multivitamin complexes altogether.

This is acceptable if the pregnancy proceeded and continues without complications, and even in the summer months, when everything you need is easy to obtain from fresh vegetables and fruits.

In all other cases, the emphasis should be on getting enough vitamins A, C and D; you still need to monitor hemoglobin levels and, if necessary, supplement vitamin complexes with iron supplements.

pros

• Provides a full range of vitamins necessary for mother and fetus.
• Wide selection of different complexes. You can choose at an affordable price.
• In most cases, well tolerated.

Minuses

• Some complexes do not contain all the necessary elements, so you have to take additional supplements.

Rating of vitamins for the third trimester

Universal vitamins for pregnant and lactating women contain antioxidants, amino acids and other microelements essential for the expectant mother and baby.

There is a widespread belief that it is necessary to take prenatal vitamins in the 1st trimester, because a growing child requires many useful substances for full formation and development. This information was perceived as unconditional truth for a long time. However, are vitamins really that harmless?

A pregnant woman needs an increased supply of nutrients to the body, since most of the trace elements and minerals are taken by the baby. To make up for the deficiency, you need to take vitamins. It is advisable to ensure their supply from food products. But it is not always possible to establish adequate nutrition. In this article we will tell you which vitamins are essential and how to choose the “right” vitamin complexes.

If we take into account the recommendations of the World Health Organization, the question of whether vitamins are needed for the first trimester of pregnancy may have two radically different answers. The question of the need to take multivitamin complexes is decided individually in each specific case based on data on the state of health, the results of laboratory tests, as well as the adequacy of the pregnant woman’s diet.

If the intake of nutrients from food is insufficient, the expectant mother should enrich her daily diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, meat and dairy products, or start taking vitamin supplements.

There are minerals and vitamins for pregnant women that absolutely everyone needs in the 1st trimester:

Other vitamins should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor.

What is the body's need for additional vitamins during this period?

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes major changes. The formation and growth of the fetus requires significant costs on the part of the mother's body. To replenish resources, it is necessary to ensure the supply of nutrients from food. In the absence of adequate nutrition, it is recommended to take vitamins and mineral complexes for pregnant women in the first trimester, which will maintain the woman’s condition and take part in the development of the baby’s organs.

In order to understand what the need for vitamins is during pregnancy, you need to remember some facts:

1. Regardless of whether there is a supply of nutrients into the female body from the outside, the fetus will still take the amount of vitamins it requires, using the mother’s reserves.
2. The child receives microelements not from food, but from the mother’s organs and tissues.
3. With a lack of vitamins, it is the woman who begins to have health problems - teeth decay due to lack of calcium, vascular fragility occurs due to hypovitaminosis C, and skin elasticity decreases if there is not enough vitamin E.

Therefore, the consumption of vitamins is necessary primarily for a pregnant woman, and it is desirable that they come from food.

What you can't do without

Any expectant mother who cares not only about her health, but also about the normal development of the baby, is interested in what vitamins they take in the first trimester of pregnancy and whether it is worth taking them at such an early stage. Let's look at the best vitamins for pregnant women, which doctors recommend taking after conception.

Iodine

Since iodine is intensively excreted from the body during pregnancy, it should be supplied from outside. Its deficiency causes pathologies in the baby's intrauterine development. Iodine is required for the formation of the thyroid gland, and also serves as a means of preventing cretinism, which occurs when there is a deficiency of thyroid hormones.

Vitamin E

Thanks to the action of vitamin E, metabolism in the body of a pregnant woman is normalized. This substance allows you to maintain pregnancy and reduces the likelihood, in addition, it takes part in the formation.

Doctors recommend drinking vitamin E, along with folic acid, as it is involved in the normal development of the child. At the planning stage, tocopherol helps regulate menstruation and also improves the functioning of the entire reproductive system.

Vitamin A

Taking vitamin A in the first trimester of pregnancy should be carried out strictly as prescribed by the doctor, since exceeding the permissible dosage can do more harm than good. In normal and controlled amounts, vitamin A takes part in the formation of the visual analyzer and also ensures skin elasticity.

It is best to obtain this substance from food than from drugs, however, when consuming it is important to remember that its absorption requires the presence of fat, since the vitamin belongs to the fat-soluble group.

Folic acid

Perhaps this is the most important vitamin that should definitely be taken in the first trimester of pregnancy. B9 plays an important role in the formation of the neural tube of the fetus, participates in hematopoiesis and allows for the full development of the internal organs of the unborn baby.

Obstetricians and gynecologists advise drinking folic acid not only from the first days after conception, but also during the family stage. Moreover, vitamin B9 will be useful not only for the female body, but also for.

A lack of folic acid can lead to the following consequences:

• difficulties maintaining pregnancy;
• congenital disorders;
• mental retardation;
• pathology of development of the brain and spinal cord.

Vitamin C

A lack of this vitamin in the early stages of pregnancy leads to a decrease in the mother’s immunity, which poses a threat to the development of the fetus. It also increases the elasticity of the vascular wall and protects it from fragility.

Vitamin D

Other vitamins

In some situations, in the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to take a course of B vitamins, as well as minerals such as iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and chromium. However, such a decision should only be made by a doctor if it is necessary to strengthen the mother’s body and create favorable conditions for the formation of the organ systems of the unborn baby.

Review of the most popular vitamins

There is a list of the best vitamins for pregnant women. The choice is based on the correct composition specifically for expectant mothers, as well as on positive reviews from patients.

Popular multivitamins for pregnant women:

1. Elevit Pronatal. The complex contains 12 vitamins and 7 minerals. It contains folic acid and iron in the required concentration, so there is no need to take them additionally. However, iodine is not present in the composition. Multivitamins are recommended for pregnant and nursing mothers. More information about the drug
2. Alphabet for pregnant women. The drug is presented in the form of colored tablets, the color of which depends on the content of a particular element. The complex contains vitamins, as well as iodine, iron and calcium compounds.
3. Materna. Contains 10 vitamins. In addition to them, the medicine contains folic acid and iodine in a concentration that covers the daily requirement of a pregnant woman’s body for these microelements.
4. Pregnakea. The complex includes 11 vitamins and 5 microelements, including folic acid and iron. However, the iron content is insufficient, so it must be taken separately, as well as iodine, which is not included in the composition.

Decide on the best vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st trimester it is difficult, because the choice depends not only on the composition, the price also plays an important role. Listen to your doctor's advice and choose the remedies he recommends for you.

What foods contain vitamins necessary for the first trimester of pregnancy?

With a nutritious diet, you can replenish the daily requirement of vitamins without the use of additional medications.

What vitamins do foods contain:

• vitamin A - butter, liver, egg yolk, carrots, spinach, green onions;
• vitamin C – rose hips, cranberries, currants, citrus fruits, sea buckthorn;
• vitamin D - chicken eggs, cottage cheese, cheese, seafood, butter;
• vitamin E – nuts, grains, legumes, sunflower seeds, broccoli, spinach;
• vitamin B 1 – liver, wheat bran, oatmeal;
• vitamin B 2 – white cabbage, peas, almonds, tomatoes, beans, veal, liver, egg yolk;
• vitamin B 6 - bananas, pork, carrots, wheat bran, beans, cabbage;
• vitamin B 12 – fermented milk products, liver, chicken eggs, greens.

Dosage and instructions

A woman should receive the following amounts of vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy:

• vitamin A – 800 mcg;
• vitamin C – 70 mg;
• vitamin E – 10 mg;
• vitamin D – 10 mg;
• vitamin K – 65 mcg;
• vitamin B 1 – 1.5 mg;
• riboflavin (B 2) – 1.6 mg;
• pyridoxine (B 6) – 2.2 mg;
• cyanocobalamin (B 12) – 2.2 mcg;
• folic acid – 400 mcg.

Vitamins needed in the first trimester of pregnancy should be taken according to the instructions, following the recommended dose once or twice a day throughout the course.

Is there a danger in taking vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Very good , if beneficial substances enter the body of the expectant mother from food, since the use of multivitamin complexes in the early stages of pregnancy is not always justified, and in some cases may pose some danger. If there is a need to take vitamins, then before purchasing, carefully read the composition and give preference to products from well-known pharmaceutical companies, this way you will reduce the likelihood of the presence of impurities of various substances in the preparations.

A healthy lifestyle during pregnancy has a significant impact on the development of the child in the womb and on his future. It is important to rest well, limit yourself in physical activity and, of course, watch your diet. It is from food that a woman and her child receive microelements important for life. But sometimes there simply aren’t enough of them, so doctors prescribe multivitamins for pregnant women. It is impossible to say which is better because the choice must be based on the individual characteristics of the body. You should definitely consult with your family doctor to choose the right option for you.

Do pregnant women have to take multivitamins?

It is important to know that any vitamins that are intended for pregnant women contain synthetic substances that compensate for their deficiency in the body. But there is not always a need to purchase such drugs.

Who should take multivitamins:

• Pregnant women who are constantly at work and eat poorly.
• For those who previously had diseases associated specifically with a lack of vital vitamins in the body.
• Women who have previously had a miscarriage or a child born with developmental abnormalities.
• Pregnant women over 30 years of age.

As you can see, not all pregnant women need to take multivitamins. They put a lot of stress on the kidneys and liver, and this is also bad for the child’s intrauterine development. Try to eat right, eat fruits and vegetables, then there will be no need for other microelements. You should not choose those multivitamins for pregnant women that your friends gave you reviews about. An individual complex is selected for each woman, which can only be done by the attending physician.

When should you start taking multivitamins?

Multivitamins for pregnant women contain much more substances than regular vitamin complexes. They should be taken only if the body really needs it. It would not be advisable to start taking supplements during pregnancy planning. If you want to prepare yourself for conceiving a child, then the best option would be to take simple vitamins; they do not overload the body.

When should you start taking multivitamins for pregnant women? 2nd trimester is the optimal time. During this period, the threat of miscarriage is minimized, the fetus begins to grow and develop, and the woman may lack nutrients in the body. However, when choosing a drug, you need to take into account individual characteristics, so it is better to entrust it to a doctor who monitors the pregnancy.

Don’t ask your friends what multivitamins they took and which ones were better. Reviews for pregnant women about medications very often play an important role, but remember: each organism is special, and if your friend did not have enough iodine, then you may have a lack of vitamin E. You need to choose the composition of the drug for yourself.

What to look for when choosing a multivitamin?

Before purchasing this or that drug, be sure to thoroughly study its composition. It’s better to pick up several bottles and compare the percentage of microelements in each of them. Choosing the best multivitamins for pregnant women is almost impossible because some may lack iodine, others may lack calcium, and others may have too much vitamin A. It is for this reason that it is important to listen to your doctor to explain the advantages and disadvantages of each drug.

Almost all vitamin complexes cannot boast of a huge amount of calcium in their composition. This is completely normal, because we get this element from food. Excess calcium is much more dangerous than its deficiency. If it so happens that during the period of bearing a child you were diagnosed with a deficiency of this element in the blood, then you can correct the situation by taking it separately.

The same situation can be observed with iodine. But it’s also not a problem to compensate for its deficiency by eating foods such as seaweed or shrimp.

Only your obstetrician-gynecologist can help you choose the right multivitamins. You need to take into account both your individual characteristics and the trimester, time of year and other factors.

Multivitamins for pregnant women: 1st trimester

In the early stages of pregnancy, multivitamins are not contraindicated, but it is better to limit yourself at this time proper nutrition and taking certain medications if your body lacks any specific substances.

Let's start with vitamin E. It is best to get it from food. This microelement is found in large quantities in vegetable oils, meat, peas, and spinach. It is undesirable to take an additional vitamin in the preparation because its excess can adversely affect the health of the expectant mother and her child.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, special attention should be paid to folic acid, but it should not be taken in combination, but separately. It is vitamin B9 that promotes the proper formation of the placenta, protects against miscarriage and normalizes hemoglobin. With its deficiency, anemia may occur, which is not in the best possible way affects the fetus. The dosage of folic acid is prescribed by your family doctor.

Additionally, vitamin B9 can be obtained from foods such as carrots, spinach, peaches, and celery.

Second trimester of pregnancy

Multivitamins for pregnant women in the 2nd trimester should contain:

• Calcium.
• Iron.

Iodine is very important for the formation of the correct skeleton of a child; its deficiency can lead to metabolic disorders in a woman and, as a result, to weight gain. excess weight. And with overweight it is much harder to prepare for childbirth.

Calcium promotes the proper development and formation of the kidneys and endocrine system. You can find it in large quantities in dairy products. As you know, calcium is not absorbed by the body in the best way; it is for this reason that expectant mothers are recommended to use it in combination with other vitamins.

Iron is an important trace element for the prevention of anemia. Participates in protein synthesis and muscle tissue formation. Iron can be found in foods such as meat (especially pork and beef) and plant foods.

Multivitamins for pregnant women (2nd trimester) should be taken in combination because at this time the fetal organs begin to form. It is very important that the body has enough necessary substances for this.

Third trimester of pregnancy

Multivitamins for pregnant women (3rd trimester) should contain the following components:

• Vitamin A.
• Iron.
• Vitamin C.
• Vitamin D

Taking vitamin C in the third trimester is very important because it has a strong effect on the immune system. But you need to be careful with the dosage, because when there is an excess in a woman’s blood, the placenta begins to perceive it as a hostile element and filter it out. Therefore, the more the expectant mother consumes, the less the child gets. It is for this reason that during this period of bearing a child you need to take a multivitamin complex. It contains the optimal amount of all microelements.

As you know, vitamin C is contained in citrus fruits, which are not recommended to be eaten in large quantities; they provoke the development of allergies. And if you haven’t felt it yourself, the effect can affect the child.

Vitamin D is important for a baby because bones are actively developing in the third trimester. It is contained in small quantities in food, which is why it is recommended to take a multivitamin complex.

Vitamin complex "Elevit"

This complex is one of the most popular among expectant mothers. It contains a large amount of magnesium, which is why doctors recommend using it for women who are at risk of miscarriage. Magnesium has a positive effect on the uterus, relaxes it, and improves blood flow. This complex also contains a sufficient amount of folic acid, which is very important for expectant mothers.

However, it should be noted that if you have previously been diagnosed with iodine deficiency, then you need to choose multivitamins with iodine for pregnant women because Elevit does not contain this element.

Vitamin complex "Materna"

You can take this complex only on the recommendation of a doctor. The fact is that it contains too much vitamin A and B. These are strong allergens, which, if consumed in excess, can have a detrimental effect not only on the health of the woman, but also on the fetus.

But the Materna complex boasts an ideal dose of folic acid and iodine. It is for this reason that opinions on this drug are divided. Under no circumstances make a decision to take it on your own, only after consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist!

Vitamin complex "Vitrum Prenatal"

This drug is considered the most optimal in terms of quality and cost. The composition contains iodine, which gives it a clear advantage over other complexes. There is also iron, the use of which is necessary for expectant mothers to prevent and correct anemia. The dose of vitamin A is small but sufficient. There is magnesium and folic acid in the required quantities in order to limit yourself to taking only this complex of vitamins.

Vitrum multivitamins for pregnant women are an excellent option for any woman. The drug contains the entire complex of necessary microelements for the normal development of the fetus and maintaining the health of the expectant mother.

Complex "AlfaVit Mom's Health"

This drug differs from others in that the daily dose of required vitamins is divided into three tablets. It is perfectly absorbed by the body, supplying it with the necessary substances for the normal development of the fetus.

However, there is one drawback - it is a low content of folic acid, so you will have to take it additionally. Among the advantages is the presence of iodine. If the expectant mother is allergic to vitamin B or A, then you simply don’t have to take the pill that contains them.

If you are looking for prenatal multivitamins that are right for you, you can check the names with your doctor. It is believed that the "Alphabet" Mom's health"is the optimal drug for use at any stage of pregnancy.

Vitamin complex "Pregnakea"

The drug appeared on the market not so long ago, but has already gained great confidence among pregnant women. It contains all the necessary microelements, including the correct dose of folic acid, iron and iodine. The cost of the drug is quite affordable, so many doctors now recommend taking it. However, do not forget that any multivitamins for pregnant women can be taken only after consultation with your obstetrician-gynecologist. This is necessary in order to study the individual characteristics of your body.

• Start eating right, don't overeat. But if you suddenly want something tasty, you shouldn’t deny yourself pleasure because the body will begin to experience stress, and this is bad. You can eat everything, but in reasonable quantities. Denying yourself a piece of chocolate because you are afraid of gaining extra pounds is simply stupid.
• Monitor the condition of your teeth; if your gums begin to bleed, consult a doctor immediately.
• Train yourself to do pregnancy exercises every morning. This will not only improve your health, but also help you prepare for childbirth.
• Take a walk - fresh air is very beneficial during pregnancy.
• If there is a lack of vitamins in your body, start taking them additionally, first consult your doctor.
• Give up bad habits. Smoking, alcohol and other addictions will affect the health and development of your child.
• Rest, try to get enough sleep - your body simply needs it.

Features of taking a vitamin complex

If you decide to start taking a prenatal multivitamin, first make sure you really need it. If you live in a region where it is difficult to get fresh fruits and vegetables, additional nutrition for the body is, of course, necessary.

If your pregnancy occurred during the warm season, then you can get most of the vitamins and microelements without medications. In order to protect yourself, you can take the complex for several weeks, then take a break from it for a while. This will relieve your body of unnecessary stress.

The lifestyle of a pregnant woman also plays a very important role. If you are constantly at work, then you need to be extremely careful, because there is a risk of contracting ARVI. In this situation, multivitamins for pregnant women are simply necessary. It is also recommended to take additional vitamin C.

Some women may be at risk of premature birth in the third trimester of pregnancy. To avoid this, in addition to taking a multivitamin complex, take additional magnesium. Be sure to consult your doctor about dosage.

Carrying a child is a huge responsibility. If you make the wrong decision, it can have a detrimental effect on your condition or the health of your unborn child. Is it worth taking multivitamins for pregnant women, which ones are best for you - all these questions are discussed with your obstetrician-gynecologist. Remember that vitamins are not a panacea, and you should take them in combination only if you really need it.